GFCI vs. AFCI

• GFCI: Protects against electric shock (5mA sensitivity).
• AFCI: Prevents fires from arc faults.

NEC 2023 Updates

• GFCI now required for all 240V circuits (e.g., dryers, ranges).
• AFCI mandated for kitchen fridge circuits.

Residential AC Power Distribution - Article 3

Title: Panel-Level Energy Monitoring Solutions

Technologies Compared

1. CT-Based Sensors: Clamp-on current transformers for real-time per-circuit tracking.
2. Smart Breakers: Individual breakers with Wi-Fi reporting (e.g., Span Panel).

Benefits

• Identify phantom loads (e.g., standby power waste).
• Solar self-consumption optimization.